Conspiracy Theories which have been officially proven to be true

[Macnamara]

Operation Tiberius

 

Operation Tiberius was an official internal Metropolitan Police investigation, commissioned in October 2001, written in 2002, but leaked to The Independent newspaper in 2014. The Metropolitan Police have acknowledged it was born of other investigations, but describe it as a new strategic approach to corruption, rather than a single operation.^[1]

The Parliamentary Home Affairs Committee has published a redacted copy of a summary of the investigation, with a lengthy annexe detailing other earlier corruption investigations, especially Operation Russell.^[2][3] It investigated the charge that certain "organised criminals" were able to infiltrate Scotland Yard by bribery.^[4] 19 former and 42 then serving officers were investigated for alleged corruption.^[4] It has been claimed that the Metropolitan Police suffered “endemic corruption” and given the small number of convictions, doubt has been expressed over whether this police force has extirpated the problem.^[5]

According to The Independent, the gangs used their contacts inside Freemasonry to “recruit corrupted officers”. The report concluded that this was one of “the most difficult aspects of organised crime corruption to proof against”.^[6]

Some of Britain’s most dangerous organised crime syndicates were able to infiltrate New Scotland Yard “at will”. The Independent^[4]

Allegations of evidence tampering, interference with the pursuit of criminal suspects by other forces, and close cooperation between senior police officers and master criminals, particularly those involved in illicit drugs and prostitution, have been raised.^[7] Charges that jurors were bought off or threatened to return not-guilty verdicts, corrupt individuals working for HMRC, both in the UK and overseas, and “get out of jail free cards” being bought for £50,000 are also cited in the report.^[4]

I feel that at the current time I cannot carry out an ethical murder investigation without the fear of it being compromised. Unnamed MPS Senior Investigating Officer, currently attached to SO 1(3), cited in the Independent's report ^[4]

John Palmer ('Goldfinger') protected by corrupt officers

One of the highest-ranking gangsters in the UK, John Palmer, was alleged by The Times, based on Operation Tiberius files, to have been protected from arrest and investigation by a clique of high-ranking corrupt Metropolitan Police officers.^[8] Palmer's companions were once discovered with a silenced Uzi submachine gun and 380 rounds of ammunition.^[8]

Panorama (BBC programme)

On 29 February 2016, the BBC screened an edition of Panorama entitled "Cops, Criminals, Corruption: The Inside Story". It covered police corruption, including material uncovered by Operation Tiberius. However, there was no mention of the manner in which contacts were established and maintained between senior police officers and criminals. In particular, there was no mention of the involvement of Freemasonry, in contrast to The Independent article and what had been leaked from the Operation Tiberius report.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Tiberius

[Macnamara]

Just now, Macnamara said:

Operation Tiberius

 

According to The Independent, the gangs used their contacts inside Freemasonry to “recruit corrupted officers”. The report concluded that this was one of “the most difficult aspects of organised crime corruption to proof against”.^[6]

Some of Britain’s most dangerous organised crime syndicates were able to infiltrate New Scotland Yard “at will”. The Independent^[4]

Paedophile Mason ran lodge set up for GCHQ

ONE OF Britain’s most influential paedophiles was the head of a Masonic lodge founded and frequented by GCHQ spies.

 

By James Fielding

19:10, Sat, May 23, 2015 | UPDATED: 19:35, Sat, May 23, 2015

Keith Harding, former membership secretary of the Paedophile Information Exchange (Pie) was made Worshipful Master of the Mercurius Lodge in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, in 2011.

The child molester, who died last summer, presided over ceremonies and rituals from an ornate throne.

Harding was convicted of an indecent assault against four children aged eight and nine in 1958 and classified a Schedule-1 offender, which meant the offence remained on his criminal record all his life.

His name was also on a list of about 400 Pie members seized by police in 1984, the year the organisation disbanded.

The Sunday Express revealed earlier this month how Harding met MPs Cyril Smith and Leon Brittan in the 1980s when he ran a north London antiques store.

Thirty-five years ago he appeared alongside paedophile television presenter Jimmy Savile in a Christmas special of Jim’ll Fix It.

The lodge boasts of its Government Communications Headquarters heritage on its website.

 

A source close to Harding revealed: “The Mercurius Lodge is known as the Spies Lodge because it was set up by GCHQ and over the years many intelligence officers have become members.

“These are people trained to find out sensitive information and yet none of them had any idea of Keith’s background and past convictions.

“They even voted him the highest honour by making him Worshipful Master.

“Keith felt the Freemasons were somewhere he finally belonged, he called them his “brotherhood”.

“When he died last year, they arranged his funeral and made sure the ceremony started at midday because the time apparently has significance within Masonic ritual.”

Spies displaced from London and Bletchley Park in Buckinghamshire, where the German wartime Enigma code was cracked, set up the Mercurius Lodge in 1957.

It meets at the Grade IIlisted Cheltenham Masonic Hall, purpose-built in 1823.

Harding ran the Mechanical Music Museum 10 miles away in Northleach after moving  from London in 1987.

In 2013, he organised a trip to the museum for Freemasons and their families.

A photograph shows Harding wearing a Masonic apron, collar and medals during a ceremony a couple of years ago.

The Mercurius Lodge last night declined to comment.

Detectives probing historical sexual abuse allegations revealed on Wednesday they are investigating 1,433 suspects, including 135 from the entertainment industry, 76 politicians, seven sportsmen and 43 from the music industry.

https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/579523/Paedophile-Mason-lodge-GCHQ

[Campion]

I've just read a definition of conspiracy in https://dictionary.cambridge.org "the activity of secretly planning with other people to do something bad or illegal" 

What constitutes something bad or illegal is relative ofc, but all revolutions, invasions, uprisings etc start off with groups of people secretly planning. So all the regimes and governments I can think of originally started as a conspiracy. But then as soon as they get power they try and stop anyone else launching a revolution. Funny that, do what I say not what I do. 

[Macnamara]

[Macnamara]

1 minute ago, Campion said:

I've just read a definition of conspiracy in https://dictionary.cambridge.org "the activity of secretly planning with other people to do something bad or illegal" 

What constitutes something bad or illegal is relative ofc, but all revolutions, invasions, uprisings etc start off with groups of people secretly planning. So all the regimes and governments I can think of originally started as a conspiracy. But then as soon as they get power they try and stop anyone else launching a revolution. Funny that, do what I say not what I do. 

 

other definitions include a secret plan between more than one person to do harm to an enemy

 

so if a police officer is looking into a crime that involves more than one perpetrator then they MUST by definition be a conspiracy theorist

[Macnamara]

The agenda to normalise pedophilia

 

UN Wants to Decriminalize Sex Between Minors and Adults

The United Nations discreetly issued a report in March encouraging members of the UN to decriminalize sex between minors and adults.

The report is titled “The 8 March Principles for a Human Rights-Based Approach to Criminal Law Proscribing Conduct Associated with Sex Reproduction, Drug Use, HIV, Homelessness and Poverty.”

On page 22 of the report, the UN states, “With respect to the enforcement of criminal law, any prescribed minimum age of consent to sex must be applied in a non-discriminatory manner. Enforcement may not be linked to the sex/gender of participants or age of consent to marriage.”

The report continues, “Moreover, sexual conduct involving persons below the domestically prescribed minimum age of consent to sex may be consensual in fact, if not in law.”.

LOOK:

http://www.stationgossip.com/2023/04/un-wants-to-decriminalize-sex-between.html

Bill Gates Plows Millions into Group Claiming Kids Are ‘Sexual Beings’

Frank Bergman

April 17, 2023

Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates has invested tens of millions of dollars into a radical nongovernmental organization (NGO) that is pushing for young children to be considered “sexual beings.”

Not to be confused with the pro-abortion organization, the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) is a group that campaigns for kids to be sexualized from an early age.

IPPF claims that children are “born sexual” and lobbies for children under 10 years of age to be taught about “commercial sex work.”

The NGO wields significant influence on global sex education and comprises 120 independent organizations in over 146 countries.

The organization, including its European network, has received over $80 million from Gates.

https://slaynews.com/news/bill-gates-plows-millions-group-claiming-kids-sexual-beings/?utm_source=mailpoet

Minneapolis Public Schools Holds ‘Gender Resource Fair’ Complete With Drag Queen Story Hour

The Minneapolis Public Schools has held a “gender resource fair” promoting changing children’s genders — complete with a drag queen story hour.

Transgender activist doctor Angela Goepferd spoke at the event about how to support “young transgender children.”

Goepferd spoke to adults while the drag queen story hour took place for children — likely separating many from their parents.

Minneapolis Public Schools (@MPS_News) is holding a “gender resource fair” for students.

Activities include a speech from the director of the gender program at Children’s Minnesota Hospital and a drag story hour for kids. pic.twitter.com/XOUr6OP5MM

— Libs of TikTok (@libsoftiktok) March 27, 2023

The Star Tribune spoke to a 12-year-old boy who identifies as a girl in their fawning event coverage.

“It’s cool that everyone’s showing up today. It’s very cool,” Hildie Edwards, who will be 13 in July, told the Tribune. “All these adults, showing up and saying, ‘I love these trans kids.'”

“Hildie’s” parents started transitioning him to a girl in kindergarten, according to the report.

http://www.stationgossip.com/2023/04/minneapolis-public-schools-holds-gender.html

Nolte: Disney Groomers Lost $258 Million on Woke ‘Lightyear,’ ‘Strange World’

John Nolte

15 Apr 2023

It cost the degenerates at Disney more than $250 million to try and groom little kids by introducing adult sexuality into the children’s films Lightyear and Strange World.

Better still, no movie lost more money last year than the woke Strange World. And other than Strange World and Amsterdam, Lightyear was last year’s biggest money loser.

According to a detailed analysis at the far-left Deadline, after everything is totaled up, from the box office to home video, Lightyear lost $106 million and Strange World lost a whopping $152 million.

Yes, the sickos at Disney are so desperate to sexualize your children, they were willing to lose more than a quarter billion—with a “B”—dollars.

Both of those films were based on homosexual plotlines. Lightyear was part of the infallible (until now) Toy Story franchise.

https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2023/04/15/nolte-disney-groomers-lost-258-million-on-woke-lightyear-strange-world/

 

[TheConsultant]

https://www.thejc.com/news/features/a-family-that-helped-build-a-new-nation-1.448063 - Rothschilds were a major reason Israel exists in its current form today. I wonder how much power or sway they have over Israel in modern day

[pi3141]

1 hour ago, Truthblast said:

 

Lets say that Sloot achieved ten times lower bitrates compared to the latest MPEG.

 

This would have enabled YOUTUBE-like streaming video sites to be set up and operated at ONE TENTH of the current cost.

 

Computers, smartphones, storage sticks and so on would have been able to store 10 X more video with the same memory capacity.

 

You would have been able to broadcast 10 satellite channels over ONE satellite channel.

 

Watching 4K/8K video on a crappy ADSL connection would have been feasible many years ago.

 

An HD Bluray disc would have held 10 HD movies or almost 3 4K UHD movies.

 

Sloot was about to turn the entire market for digital video UPSIDE DOWN and was likely OFFED to prevent this.

 

I like and agree but as for being offed, I dunno, it doesn't look that way, but I do see your point, however all that probably would of happened is his idea got incorporated into mpeg and he would have got royalties.

 

But yes, that would have made data transmission and storage cheaper.

 

 

Edit. On a side note, my previous company owned the largest media storage facility in Europe which was housed in a bomb and fire proof facility. Loads of optical disks in racks with a robotic arm system. State of the art at the time.

Edited April 17, 2023 by pi3141

[pi3141]

8 hours ago, TheConsultant said:

I hope you found some of the multiple ways to do just that in that time frame. I assume you did yes?

 

4 hours ago, pi3141 said:

Yes - Energy, energy everywhere but not a drop to drink. There are many ways to skin that cat. We live in a sea of energy, we could easily tap 'Free Energy' it's all around us.

 

Found this on a quick search for Atmospheric Electricity, its what I mean by - 'we live in a sea of energy', we are surrounded by energy, - energy , energy everywhere and yet there's not much spare is there? Water Water everywhere but not a drop to drink.

 

 

 

Atmospheric Electricity

 

The total voltage between the earth and the ionosphere is difficult to measure instantaneously, but many groups have estimated the voltage to be 250-350 kV using a variety of techniques. Experimentally, we know that the earth carries a net negative charge compared to the upper atmosphere/ionosphere.

 

Link - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/atmospheric-electricity#:~:text=The total voltage between the,to the upper atmosphere%2Fionosphere.

 

But then there's the Schuman Cavity - that contains millions of volts, so there's more out there than what Fenyman calculated (7Mw)

Edited April 17, 2023 by pi3141

[Morpheus]

3 hours ago, Macnamara said:

The Gulf of Tonkin Incident

 

In 1964 the US was already running covert ops in north vietnam and flying unofficial sorties against the vietcong. However in order to get 'boots on the ground' they pretended that a violent exchange had occurred between the north vietnamese navy and the US navy which never actually occurred. President LBJ then made an address to the american people saying that with great reluctance he was going to have to wage landwar in vietnam. Other false flags used to begin wars included the sinking of the USS Maine in Havana harbour in 1898 and the sinking of the lusitania which then brought the US into world war 1.

 

The Gulf of Tonkin incident (Vietnamese: Sự kiện Vịnh Bắc Bộ) was an international confrontation that led to the United States engaging more directly in the Vietnam War. It involved both a proven confrontation on August 2, 1964, carried out by North Vietnamese forces in response to covert operations in the coastal region of the gulf, and a second, claimed confrontation on August 4, 1964, between North Vietnamese and United States ships in the waters of the Gulf of Tonkin. Originally American claims blamed North Vietnam for both attacks. Later investigation revealed that the second attack never happened; the American claim is that it was based mostly on erroneously interpreted communications intercepts.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin_incident

Jim Morrison's dad. 

[TheConsultant]

15 minutes ago, pi3141 said:

 

 

Found this on a quick search for Atmospheric Electricity, its what I mean by - 'we live in a sea of energy', we are surrounded by energy, - energy , energy everywhere and yet there's not much spare is there? Water Water everywhere but not a drop to drink.

 

 

 

Atmospheric Electricity

 

The total voltage between the earth and the ionosphere is difficult to measure instantaneously, but many groups have estimated the voltage to be 250-350 kV using a variety of techniques. Experimentally, we know that the earth carries a net negative charge compared to the upper atmosphere/ionosphere.

 

Link - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/atmospheric-electricity#:~:text=The total voltage between the,to the upper atmosphere%2Fionosphere.

 

But then there's the Schuman Cavity - that contains millions of volts, so there's more out there than what Fenyman calculated (7Mw)

Vacuum energy = infinite capacitance

Also atmospheric voltage has a polarity, and the earth is the opposite polarity. Thats a good step towards an open circuit already.

Edit: I think the hardened conspiracists scared OP off?

Edited April 17, 2023 by TheConsultant

[pi3141]

9 hours ago, TheConsultant said:

Vacuum energy = infinite capacitance

 

Absolutely,  in my mind we got all that atmospheric energy mainly charged by our Sun and Solar energy.

 

We got natural sources of energy through nature's processes like the obvious tidal and nuclear, but also by taking advantage of natural phenomena like osmosis - one of Maxwell's demons I think, the Norwegian's have done it at Stakkraft (search Osmotic power plant)

 

There will be other phenomena, in for instance, magnets that we could capitalise on. That's been shown in Bearden Energy from the Vacuum video series 

 

In James Maxwell's notes he wrote of a 'Demon' that if utilised could do work. Electrical engineers ignore that page with embarrassment but I think Maxwell was thinking we would find a natural process or phenomena which when utilised correctly would perform work - Osmotic power plant.

 

This is all in the physical environment 'above ground' there's also energy in space such as the Van Allen belts.

 

An interesting note, if we tap the moons energy through tidal we could influence its orbit through a reverse gravitational action. Apparently its a thing.

 

Ed Leedskalin showed current flowed simultaneously in both directions, we ignore one half of our electrical circuits.

 

And then there's Vacuum energy, Zero Point, there's enough energy in the volume of a tea cup to boil the world's oceans, as you say, Vacuum energy looks to be infinite. And it's right there in the noise floor in our electrical devices.

 

All around us in the Vacuum of space.

 

We live in a sea of energy.

 

There's no energy shortage if we put our minds to it, any shortage is manufactured and controlled.

 

Those energy and oil barons are not going to go quietly, they'll take us to the brink of destruction before they relinquish their power, at which point they will shift to something they can control and charge and tax us the same or more. Business as usual.

 

They do not want Utopia, they think we're lazy and must be kept on an endless treadmill to keep us in line and stop society falling apart.

[Macnamara]

22 hours ago, Morpheus said:

Jim Morrison's dad. 

 

 A lotta weird shit came out of laurel canyon....

 

[EnigmaticWorld]

It's all just judeo shenanigans, especially the hippy era. That's pop culture for you though.

[Anti Facts Sir]

On 4/17/2023 at 6:46 PM, Macnamara said:

 

 

The Cambridge Five

 

As i've found out reading into the SOE and its activities in the second world war the british intelligence services were absolutely riddled with marxists. There were different circles of people eg homosexuals, marxists, pedos, jews, satanists and oftentimes these circles overlapped with each other. The fifth of the cambridge 5 that is often not named is believed by some to be victor rothschild. The maquis (french resistance) which the SOE armed, funded and trained in the second world war was also jam-packed with communists.

 

 

Yeah, the Spy Among Friends book (by Ben Macintyre) even has photos of Rothschild with the Cambridge spies. He is mentioned quite a bit.

[Truthblast]

On 4/17/2023 at 10:00 PM, pi3141 said:

 

I like and agree but as for being offed, I dunno, it doesn't look that way, but I do see your point, however all that probably would of happened is his idea got incorporated into mpeg and he would have got royalties.

 

But yes, that would have made data transmission and storage cheaper.

 

 

Edit. On a side note, my previous company owned the largest media storage facility in Europe which was housed in a bomb and fire proof facility. Loads of optical disks in racks with a robotic arm system. State of the art at the time.

 

Inventors typically get offed when their idealism drives them to bring down the cost of something generating Billions for someone important to the point were "the bottom falls out of the market".

 

Sloot fits that description.

 

 

[Truthblast]

24 minutes ago, Macnamara said:

 

 A lotta weird shit came out of laurel canyon....

 

 

John Coleman's "The Conspirators' Hierarchy: The Committer Of 300" explains the "Hippies conspiracy" in great detail.

[EnigmaticWorld]

Looking at some of the names behind things like woodstock, and the music industry in general should get people asking questions too.

[Truthblast]

31 minutes ago, EnigmaticWorld said:

Looking at some of the names behind things like woodstock, and the music industry in general should get people asking questions too.

 

Coleman writes that the Tavistock Institute and Stanford Research were behind much of this.

[EnigmaticWorld]

6 minutes ago, Truthblast said:

 

Coleman writes that the Tavistock Institute and Stanford Research were behind much of this.

 

There's a thread here if anyone wants to add info.

 

 

[Macnamara]

20 hours ago, Truthblast said:

 

Coleman writes that the Tavistock Institute and Stanford Research were behind much of this

 

Edited April 19, 2023 by Macnamara

[Macnamara]

Operation Big Itch

Operation Big Itch was a U.S. entomological warfare field test using uninfected fleas to determine their coverage and survivability as a vector for biological agents.^[1] The tests were conducted at Dugway Proving Ground in 1954.

Operation Big Itch was a September 1954 series of tests at Dugway Proving Ground in Utah.^[2][3] The tests were designed to determine coverage patterns and survivability of the tropical rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis) for use in biological warfare as disease vector.^[3] The fleas used in these trials were not infected by any biological agent.^[4] The fleas were loaded into two types of munitions and dropped from the air.^[4] The E14 bomb and E23 bomb, which could be clustered into the E86 cluster bomb and E77 bomb, respectively.^[3] When the cluster bombs reached 2,000 or 1,000 feet (600 or 300 m) the bomblets would drop via parachute, disseminating their vector.^[3]

The E14 was designed to hold 100,000 fleas and the E23 was designed to hold 200,000 fleas but the E23 failed in over half of the preliminary Big Itch tests.^[3] E23s malfunctioned during testing and the fleas were released into the aircraft where they bit the pilot, bombardier and an observer.^[4] As a result, the remaining Big Itch tests were conducted using only the smaller capacity E14.^[3] Guinea pigs were used as test subjects and placed around a 660-yard (600 m) circular grid.^[3]

Results

Big Itch proved successful,^[3][5] the tests showed that not only could the fleas survive the drop from an airplane but they also soon attached themselves to hosts.^[6] The weapon proved able to cover a battalion-sized target area and disrupt operations for up to one day.^[3] The one-day limit was due to the activity of the fleas; the air dropped fleas were only active for about 24 hours.^[2]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Big_Itch

[Macnamara]

Operation Big Buzz

Operation Big Buzz was a U.S. military entomological warfare field test conducted in the U.S. state of Georgia in 1955. The tests involved dispersing over 300,000 mosquitoes from aircraft and through ground dispersal methods.

Operation

Operation Big Buzz occurred in June 1955 in the U.S. state of Georgia. The operation was a field test designed to determine the feasibility of producing, storing, loading into munitions, and dispersing from aircraft the yellow fever mosquito (though these were not infected for the test) (Aedes aegypti).^[1] The second goal of the operation was to determine whether the mosquitoes would survive their dispersion and seek meals on the ground.^[1] Around 330,000 uninfected mosquitoes were dropped from aircraft in E14 bombs and dispersed from the ground. In total about one million female mosquitoes were bred for the testing;^[2] remaining mosquitoes were used in munitions loading and storage tests.^[1] Those mosquitoes that were air-dispersed were dropped from airplanes 300 feet (91 m) above the ground, spreading out on their own and due to the wind.^[1]

Results

Mosquitoes were collected as far away as 2,000 feet (610 m) from the release site.^[1] They were also active in seeking blood meals from humans and guinea pigs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Big_Buzz

Operation Drop Kick

Operation Drop Kick was conducted between April and November 1956 by the US Army Chemical Corps^[1] to test the practicality of employing mosquitoes to carry an entomological warfare agent in different ways. The Chemical Corps released uninfected female mosquitoes into a cooperative residential area of Savannah, Georgia, and then estimated how many mosquitoes entered houses and bit people. Within a day, the mosquitoes had bitten many people.^[2] In 1958, the Chemical Corps released 1,000,000 mosquitoes in Avon Park, Florida.

These tests showed that mosquitoes could be spread by means of various devices.^[3]

The 1964 movie Dr. Strangelove also refers to an Operation Drop Kick.^[4]

The TV series Archer refers to Operation Drop Kick as the codename of a CIA mission to take over a country in Latin America.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Drop_Kick

750 million genetically engineered mosquitoes approved for release in Florida Keys

By Sandee LaMotte, CNN

Updated 2:44 PM EDT, Thu August 20, 2020

https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/19/health/gmo-mosquitoes-approved-florida-scn-wellness/index.html

 

Edited April 19, 2023 by Macnamara

[Macnamara]

Operation Dew

Operation Dew refers to two separate field trials conducted by the United States in the 1950s. The tests were designed to study the behavior of aerosol-released biological agents.

General description

Operation Dew took place from 1951 to 1952 off the southeast coast of the United States, including near Georgia, and North and South Carolina.^[1][2] Operation Dew consisted of two sets of trials, Dew I and Dew II.^[2] The tests involved the release of 250 pounds (110 kg) of fluorescent particles from a minesweeper off the coast.^[1] Operation Dew I was described in a U.S. Army report known as "Dugway Special Report 162", dated August 1, 1952.^[2] The purpose of Operation Dew was to study the behavior of aerosol-released biological agents.^[1]

Dew I

Operation Dew I consisted of five separate trials from March 26, 1952 until April 21, 1952 that were designed to test the feasibility of maintaining a large aerosol cloud released offshore until it drifted over land, achieving a large area coverage.^[2] The tests released zinc cadmium sulfide along a 100-to-150-nautical-mile (190 to 280 km) line approximately 5 to 10 nautical miles (10 to 20 km) off the coast of Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina.^[2] Two of the trials dispersed clouds of zinc cadmium sulfide over large areas of all three U.S. states. The tests affected over 60,000 square miles (150,000 km²) of populated coastal region in the U.S. southeast.^[3] The Dew I releases were from a Navy minesweeper, the USS Tercel.^[2]

Dew II

Dew II involved the release of fluorescent particles (zinc cadmium sulfide) and plant spores (Lycopodium) from an aircraft.^[2] Dew II was described in a 1953 Army report which remained classified at the time of a 1997 report by the U.S. National Research Council concerning the U.S. Army's zinc cadmium sulfide dispersion program of the 1950s.^[2]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Dew

How British government carried out secret biological warfare tests on London Tube passengers in 1960s during Cold War

• New research suggests Britons were exposed to chemical tests
• Biological warfare tests apparently more widespread than once thought
• Professor Ulf Schmidt said there were secret trials on the Tube in 1964
• 'Mock' chemical warfare tests on thousands of Britons from 1953 to 1964

By Emma Glanfield for MailOnline

Published: 10:14 BST, 9 July 2015 | Updated: 12:33 BST, 9 July 2015

Secret biological warfare tests were carried out on Tube passengers by the British government during the Cold War to a greater extent than previously thought,according to new research.

Hundreds of thousands of Britons were subjected to 'mock' biological and chemical warfare attacks in more than 750 secret operations, with 4,600kg of chemical zinc cadmium sulphide dispersed from ships, aircraft and lorries between 1953 and 1964.

Professor Ulf Schmidt, a leading academic of modern history at the University of Kent, has also discovered that passengers on London's Underground were subjected to chemical exposure during secret trials on the Tube.

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3154555/How-British-government-carried-secret-biological-warfare-tests-London-Tube-passengers-1960s-Cold-War.html

[Macnamara]

Project 112

Project 112 primarily concerned the use of aerosols to disseminate biological and chemical agents that could produce "controlled temporary incapacitation" (CTI). The test program would be conducted on a large scale at "extracontinental test sites" in the Central and South Pacific^[2] and Alaska in conjunction with Britain, Canada and Australia.

At least 50 trials were conducted; of these at least 18 tests involved simulants of biological agents (such as BG), and at least 14 involved chemical agents including sarin and VX, but also tear gas and other simulants.^[1] Test sites included Porton Down (UK), Ralston (Canada) and at least 13 US warships; the shipborne trials were collectively known as Shipboard Hazard and Defense—SHAD.^[1] The project was coordinated from Deseret Test Center, Utah.

As of 2005, publicly available information on Project 112 remains incomplete.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_112

RAF rainmakers 'caused 1952 flood'

Unearthed documents suggest experiment triggered torrent that killed 35 in Devon disaster

Special report: silly season

John Vidal and Helen Weinstein

Thu 30 Aug 2001 10.56 BST

On August 15, 1952, one of the worst flash floods ever to have occurred in Britain swept through the Devon village of Lynmouth. Thirty five people died as a torrent of 90m tons of water and thousands of tons of rock poured off saturated Exmoor and into the village destroying homes, bridges, shops and hotels.

The disaster was officially termed "the hand of God" but new evidence from previously classified government files suggests that a team of international scientists working with the RAF was experimenting with artificial rainmaking in southern Britain in the same week and could possibly be implicated.

Squadron Leader Len Otley, who was working on what was known as Operation Cumulus, has told the BBC that they jokingly referred to the rainmaking exercise as Operation Witch Doctor.

His navigator, Group Captain John Hart, remembers the success of these early experiments: "We flew straight through the top of the cloud, poured dry ice down into the cloud. We flew down to see if any rain came out of the cloud. And it did about 30 minutes later, and we all cheered."

The meteorological office has in the past denied there were any rainmaking experiments conducted before 1955, but a BBC Radio 4 history investigation, to be broadcast tonight, has unearthed documents recently released at the public record office showing that they were going on from 1949 to 1955. RAF logbooks and personnel corroborate the evidence.

Until now, the Ministry of Defence has categorically denied knowledge of any cloud-seeding experiments taking place in the UK during early August 1952. But documents suggest that Operation Cumulus was going on between August 4 and August 15 1952. The scientists were based at Cranfield school of aeronautics and worked in collaboration with the RAF and the MoD's meteorological research flight based at Farnborough. The chemicals were provided by ICI in Billingham.

Met office reports from these dates describe flights undertaken to collect data on cumulus cloud temperature, water content, icing rate, vertical motions and turbulence, and water droplet and ice crystal formation. There is no mention of cloud seeding.

But a 50-year-old radio broadcast unearthed by Radio 4 describes an aeronautical engineer and glider pilot, Alan Yates, working with Operation Cumulus at the time and flying over Bedfordshire, spraying quantities of salt. He was elated when the scientists told him this had led to a heavy downpour 50 miles away over Staines, in Middlesex.

"I was told that the rain had been the heaviest for several years - and all out of a sky which looked summery ... there was no disguising the fact that the seedsman had said he'd make it rain, and he did. Toasts were drunk to meteorology and it was not until the BBC news bulletin [about Lynmouth] was read later on, that a stony silence fell on the company," said Mr Yates at the time.

Operation Cumulus was put on hold indefinitely after the tragedy.

Declassified minutes from an air ministry meeting, held in the war office on November 3, 1953, show why the military were interested in increasing rain and snow by artificial means. The list of possible uses included "bogging down enemy movement", "incrementing the water flow in rivers and streams to hinder or stop enemy crossings", and clearing fog from airfields.

The documents also talk of rainmaking having a potential "to explode an atomic weapon in a seeded storm system or cloud. This would produce a far wider area of radioactive contamination than in a normal atomic explosion".

UK weather modification experiments at the time presaged current practice in the US. The idea was to target "super cool" clouds, and to increase the volume of freezing water vapour particles. Most methods involved firing particles of salt, dry ice, or silver iodide, into clouds, either from an aeroplane or from burners on the ground. The clouds would then precipitate, pulled down below freezing point by the extra weight of dense particles, thus making it rain sooner and heavier than it might have done. Significantly, it was claimed that silver iodide could cause a downpour up to 300 miles away.

Many countries now use the technology, which has considerably improved during the past 50 years.

But controversy still surrounds the efficacy of these early cloud-seeding experiments. In 1955 questions were asked in the Commons about the possibilites of liability and compensation claims. Documents seen by the BBC suggest that both the air ministry and the Treasury became very anxious and were aware that rainmaking could cause damage, not just to military targets and personnel, but also to civilians.

The British Geological Survey has recently examined soil sediments in the district of Lynmouth to see if any silver or iodide residues remain. The testing has been limited due to restrictions in place because of foot and mouth disease, and it is inconclusive. However, silver residue has been discovered in the catchment waters of the river Lyn. The BGS will investigate further over the next 18 months.

Survivors of the Lynmouth flood called for - but never got - a full investigation into the causes of the disaster. Rumours persist to this day of planes circling before the inundation.

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/aug/30/sillyseason.physicalsciences